An ice cream war: Bundling, tying, and foreclosure

Product bundling and tying in competition∗

This paper explores tying in the situation where a multi-product firm without monopoly power competes against several single-product firms. It considers two independent markets: one for a horizontally differentiated good, the other for a homogeneous good. As opposed to the widely accepted opinion that tying may be profitable only in the case of monopoly power, it is shown that under reasonable ...

Ice cream.

Bacterial Standards for Ice-Cream

Within the last two or three years, the manufacture and consumption of ice-cream in the city of Calcutta have enormously increased. Numerous small and large cafes and restaurants have sprung up, and most of them are preparing and supplying ice-cream to their customers, civil and military. The production of ice-cream by large scale manufacturing companies has gone up tenfold and more, and the ic...

Production of Synbiotic Ice Cream

The aim of this study was to evaluate the survivability of three probiotic strains Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobaterium bifidum in ice cream using microencapsulation by calcium alginate and whey protein concentrate. Also, the effect of different prebiotics (inulin, lactulose and Fructooligosaccharides) was studied. Six types of synbiotic ice cream containing free and ...

Dairy Foods: Yogurt and Ice Cream

Pectin is commonly used as a gelling agent in the manufacture of yogurt. The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of 4 different types of pectin that had different degrees of esterification (DE) and amidation (DA), on the physical properties of set type yogurt. The pectin samples included 2 types of low methoxyl (LM) pectin with 38% and 45% DE, one type of low methoxyl amidate (LMA...